Formation of peptide bonds between amino acids to build a polypeptide would be called:
A. anabolism
B. phosphorylation
C. fermentation
D. exergonic
E. glycolysis
PKU (phenylketonuria) is an enzyme deficiency disease that only develops in individuals who are homozygous recessive for that gene. An individual with PKU has parents that do not have this disease. What is the parents’ genotype for the gene responsible for PKU? What is the probability that they may have another child with PKU? How many future children of the affected individual will be carriers? Explain your answers.
Describe the major land biome where you live. How have human activities changed the landscape and how has this affected native species? Include specific examples.
Calcitonin
a. promotes the absorption of calcium from the gastrointestinal tract.
b. promotes osteoclast activity in the bones.
c. reduces calcium excretion by the kidneys.
d. reduces extracellular calcium ion levels.
e. increases blood calcium levels.
The location of the testes and epididymides in the scrotum
a. allows more room for other organs in the abdominal cavity.
b. keeps these organs close to the penis.
c. provides a temperature that is suitable for normal sperm development.
d. keeps them isolated from the accessory glands of the system.
e. helps to protect them.
Which of the following fluid compartments contains the largest volume of water?
a. plasma
b. interstitial compartment
c. intracellular compartment
d. extracellular compartment
e. lymph
Elevated blood pressure under resting conditions results in increased urinary output because
a. baroreceptors signal the hypothalamus to increase ADH secretion.
b. elevated blood pressure stimulates renin secretion.
c. the amount of angiotensin II formed is increased.
d. aldosterone levels increase.
e. baroreceptors signal the hypothalamus to decrease ADH secretion.
Which of the following pressures tends to force fluid from the glomerulus through the filtration membrane into Bowman’s capsule?
a. tubular pressure
b. capsular pressure
c. colloid osmotic pressure
d. glomerular capillary pressure
e. None of these choices is correct
Aldosterone targets cells in the
a. proximal convoluted tubule.
b. loop of Henle.
c. distal convoluted tubule.
d. glomerulus.
e. collecting duct.
The kidney functions in
a. preventing blood loss
b. white blood cell production
c. synthesis of vitamin E
d. excretion of nitrogenous wastes (such as urea)
e. production of the hormone aldosterone
The portion of the nephron that empties into the collecting duct is the
a. glomerulus.
b. ascending loop of Henle.
c. distal convoluted tubule.
d. proximal convoluted tubule.
e. descending loop of Henle.
Excess triglycerides are stored in adipose tissue. Adipose tissue functions
a. to assist the body in temperature homeostasis
b. pads and protects
c. energy storage
d. insulates
e. All of these choices are correct
The energy currency of the cell is a molecule called
a. glucose
b. pyruvate
c. fat
d. ADP
e. ATP
The diagram illustrates an absorptive structure in the duodenum. What does “A” represent?
a. microvilli
b. epithelial cell
c. capillary
d. lacteal
e. villus
Nutrition includes the study of
a. the nutrients in foods
b. the body’s utilization of nutrients
c. how nutrients play a role in your body’s health
d. digestion, absorption, and transportation of nutrients
e. All of these choices are correct
Blockage of the ileocecal valve would prevent
a. pancreatic juice from entering the duodenum
b. bile from entering the duodenum
c. lymph from entering the jejunum
d. chyme from entering the ileum
e. chyme from entering the large intestine
Which of the following apply to the small intestine?
a. Secretions from the liver and pancreas enter this organ
b. Segmentation contractions occur in this organ
c. Both digestion and absorption occur in this organ
d. Mixing and propulsion of chyme.
e. All of these choices apply to the small intestine
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