Posts

What would be different in your life?

/in /by

 Psychology homework help

 

Social workers who utilize the solution-focused model are mindful of how their conversations with their clients, families, groups, or even community members facilitate their thinking about solutions. The client is always the “expert,” and therefore social workers ask questions to explore how the client perceives the problem and situation.

Social workers may use solution-focused questions such as the miracle question. For example, “Suppose you woke up one morning and by some miracle everything you ever wanted, everything good you could ever imagine for yourself, had actually happened—your life had turned out exactly the way you wanted it.

What would be different in your life?” When clients are asked this, it forces them to reflect on what they want or would like to achieve. By projecting themselves into the future, clients are more likely to imagine what is possible rather than focusing on the past and their failures. This allows for the possibility of developing solutions.

In this Discussion, you apply the solution-focused model and solution-focused questions. You provide other solution-focused questions, similar to the miracle question that was provided for you.

Although the textbook provides actual examples of solution-focused questions, always think about your client—you may have to modify the question a bit to take into account the client’s age, cognitive and developmental stage, culture, etc., so that the question makes sense to the client.

To prepare:

  • Recall a case from your fieldwork experience to use for this Discussion.
  • Review and focus on pages 520–521 in your textbook.

 

Post: No More Then 500 Words

  • In 1 to 2 sentences, briefly identify and describe the problem as perceived by the client, family, or group that you dealt with in your past fieldwork experience.
  • From the list of solution-focused questions on page 520 (e.g., exception questions, coping questions, scaling questions, and relationship questions), identify two different types of questions, and ask each question as if you were actually asking the questions to the client. (Remember, do not use the miracle question.)
    • Remember that the goal of these questions is to assist clients in identifying a solution
  • Explain how asking these two questions would help the client in coming up with the solution.
  • In 1 to 2 sentences, reflect and explain how asking these questions made you feel and perhaps how the client might feel.

Evaluate one merit and one limitation of using the problem-solving model for this case

/in /by

 Psychology homework help

 

The problem-solving model was first laid out by Helen Perlman. Her seminal 1957 book, Social Casework: A Problem-Solving Process, described the problem-solving model and the 4Ps. Since then, other scholars and practitioners have expanded the problem-solving model and problem-solving therapy. At the heart of problem-solving model and problem-solving therapy is helping clients identify the problem and the goal, generating options, evaluating the options, and then implementing the plan.

Because models are blueprints and are not necessarily theories, it is common to use a model and then identify a theory to drive the conceptualization of the client’s problem, assessment, and interventions. Take, for example, the article by Westefeld and Heckman-Stone (2003). Note how the authors use a problem-solving model as the blueprint in identifying the steps when working with clients who have experienced sexual assault. On top of the problem-solving model, the authors employed crisis theory, as this theory applies to the trauma of going through sexual assault. Observe how, starting on page 229, the authors incorporated crisis theory to their problem-solving model.

In this Final Case Assignment, using the same case study that you chose in Week 2, you will use the problem-solving model AND a theory from the host of different theoretical orientations you have used for the case study.

You will prepare a PowerPoint presentation consisting of 11 to 12 slides.

To prepare:

  • Review and focus on the case study that you chose in Week 2. (Jake Levy Case Study)
  • Review the problem-solving model, focusing on the five steps of the problem-solving model formulated by D’Zurilla on page 388 in the textbook.
  • In addition, review this article listed in the Learning Resources: Westefeld, J. S., & Heckman-Stone, C. (2003). The integrated problem-solving model of crisis intervention: Overview and application. The Counseling Psychologist, 31(2), 221–239. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1177/0011000002250638

 

presenting your PowerPoint presentation that addresses the following:

  • Identify the theoretical orientation you have selected to use.
  • Describe how you would assess the problem orientation of the client in your selected case study (i.e., how the client perceives the problem). Remember to keep the theoretical orientation in mind in this assessment stage.
  • Discuss the problem definition and formulation based on the theoretical orientation you have selected.
  • Identify and describe two solutions from all the solutions possible. Remember, some of these solutions should stem from the theoretical orientation you are utilizing.
  • Describe how you would implement the solution. Remember to keep the theoretical orientation in mind.
  • Describe the extent to which the client is able to mobilize the solutions for change.
  • Discuss how you would evaluate whether the outcome is achieved or not. Remember to keep the theoretical orientation in mind.
  • Evaluate how well the problem-solving model can be used for short-term treatment of this client.
  • Evaluate one merit and one limitation of using the problem-solving model for this case.

Your 11- to 12-slide PowerPoint presentation should follow these guidelines:

  • Each slide should be written using bullet points, meaning no long paragraphs of written text should be in the slides.
  • Include a brief narration of less than 30 seconds for each slide (i.e., the narration takes the place of any written paragraphs, while the bullet points provide context and cues for the audience to follow along).

Be sure to:

  • Identify and correctly reference the case study you have chosen.
  • Use literature to support your claims.
  • Use APA formatting and style.
  • Include the reference list on the last slide.

Compare and contrast two research methods

/in /by

 Psychology homework help

A researcher must be knowledgeable of the different quantitative research designs and be able to effectively apply the best design as dictated by the research question. For this assignment, you will create a 3- to 4-page document following the directions below.

Part I

Compare Methods

Compare and contrast two research methods. Give an example of a situation (related to forensic counseling) in which each of the two chosen methods can be applied.

  • Experimental
  • Quasi-experimental
  • Correlational
  • Survey
  • Developmental

Part II

Answer Questions

In reference to one of the two example research scenarios that you discussed above in Part I, further explore by answering the following questions (apply these questions to your own research project):

  • Determine a suitable research goal.
  • Discuss what type of sampling could be used for this study.
  • Identify which types of research designs above (from Part I) would be most appropriate to use.
  • State your hypothesis of the expected results for this proposed study.

Your final product will be in a Microsoft Word document and be approximately 3–4 pages in length and utilize 2–3 scholarly sources in your research. Your paper should be written in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrate ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; and display accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.

Discuss psychotherapy options

/in /by

 Psychology homework help

For this Assignment, start by selecting one of the case studies (accessible from the Course Resources) and develop a patient portfolio. The goal of the portfolio is to identify a disorder and recommend a plan of action to help the patient manage his or her symptoms and change behavior for therapeutic outcomes.

To begin your Assignment, do a search of the Library and the internet. You are also to use course material, but your project should include at least four additional references from the library and/or the internet (your final Assignment must include one library resource). The internet sources you use for the Assignment should be credible. You should not use internet sites such as Wikipedia where anyone can post information or About.com. Your information should be from acceptable psychological or medical societies, such as the National Institute of Health, Web MD, etc.

You will address the following areas that are outlined in the patient portfolio document. Part 2 through Part 4 of the patient portfolio should be a minimum of 675 words. All work should be in the student’s own words with quotes used very sparingly. No more than 10% of the work should be direct quotations.

Using the provided template, as-is, develop the patient’s portfolio by addressing the following:

Part 1: Background information about the patient

Provide background information that includes (a) the patient’s disorder, and (b) a list of the diagnostic criteria that the patient meets listed in the DSM-5 under the diagnostic criteria for the disorder.

Part 2: Psychological Approach

Select a psychological theory from the course textbook (chose either a cognitive or behavioral theory). Refer directly to the textbook or an academic source to explain the theory. After explaining the theory, apply it by discussing how it may explain the development of the case study’s mental illness. (Approximately 225 words)

Part 3: Biological Approach

Select a theory from the biological approach from the course textbook (choose either the genetic or neurological influence). Refer directly to the textbook or an academic source to explain the theory. After explaining the theory, apply it by discussing how it may explain the development of the case study’s mental illness. (Approximately 225 words)

Part 4: Sociocultural Approach

Select a theory from the social and cultural or interpersonal relationship approach from the course textbook. Refer to the textbook or an academic source to explain the theory. After explaining the theory, apply it by discussing how it may explain the development of the case study’s mental illness. (Approximately 225 words)

Part 5: Treatment

  1. Discuss what types of medical approaches (ECT, prescription medications, psychosurgery, or current medical devises) you would recommend for the patient by referring to studies showing its effectiveness in treating the disorder. (Approximately 75 words)
  2. Compare and contrast the side effects the patient may experience from the selected type of medical approach and support what benefit the treatment has on the brain chemistry or neurotransmitter activity. (Approximately 75 words)
  3. Discuss psychotherapy options (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy, group therapy, exposure therapy). Explain the chosen therapy and specifically how the patient would benefit from it. (Approximately 100 words)
  4. Provide both short and long-term goals for the patient’s treatment plan. Include accomplishments or behavioral changes you want to see in the patient. (Approximately 75 words)

Part 6: Conclusion

Defend which of the approaches can best explain the development (or cause) of the case study’s mental disorder and why your chosen treatment plan would be the most beneficial plan for the patient (biological approach, psychological approach, or sociocultural approach). (Approximately 150 words)

Submitting Your Assignment

Referring to the textbook and five additional credible sources, complete the Unit 8 Patient Profile Assignment Template. Complete the document in 4–5 pages (approximately 1200 words),

Describe the advantages of using a within subject design in the field of behavior analysis when compared to a between subject design

/in /by

 Psychology homework help

Evaluating Interventions

For your Discussion you will evaluate research designs and describe how they can be utilize to determine the effectiveness of a behavior management program: Introduction and Conclusion not necessary. Minimum 400 words

Include references from : Johnson C.M., Mawhinney, T. C., & Redmon, W.K. (2001). Handbook of organizational performance: Behavior analysis and management.

Cooper, J. Heron, T., & Heward, W. (2007). Applied Behavior Analysis, 2nd Edition.

  1. Describe the advantages of using a within subject design in the field of behavior analysis when compared to a between subject design.
  2. Create a specific program question related to the effectiveness of a behavior management plan for staff. You can create your own original questions or use one from one of the research studies discussed in Chapter 4 of the text.
  3. Select and describe one of the experimental designs to evaluate your program questions. Discuss the benefits and limitations of using this design to evaluate the effectiveness of a behavior management plan.
  4. Discuss variables that can have an impact on the effectiveness of programs. Include a discussion of factors that increase the likelihood that success can be attributed to the program.

How could you expand on available research to more specifically address your research question? 

/in /by

Psychology homework help

In this milestone, you will work from the topic, applied setting, and research questions you identified in Module Two and start identifying relevant research to support your final proposal. Two major aspects of your final project include selecting foundational theories relevant to your topic and suggesting potential strategies or techniques that may alleviate a problem in an applied setting. To help you prepare for these aspects of the project, you will complete an annotated bibliography featuring a minimum of four research articles. Two of the articles that you find should be related to the theories you related to your topic that you intend to feature in your final proposal. The other two articles should discuss applied research related to your topic area.

For each article, include a summary that highlights how the article relates to your chosen topic and setting, and address the following questions:

  • How do the research results and statistical findings in the article apply to your research question and your applied setting?
  • What are the strengths and limitations of the research results and findings in supporting the research question?
  • How could you expand on available research to more specifically address your research question?

memory and technology

How could you expand on available research to more specifically address your research question?

Describe your friend’s human experience with the disorder. How does it manifest itself in their life? What effects does it have on their life?

/in /by

Psychology homework help

 

The assignemnt is:

Using information from your text, videos, and learning activities (and your own thoughts) addressing the following scenario in words (4-5 pages): IMAGINE THAT your best friend comes to you for an informal opinion about some unusual symptoms he/she has been experiencing. Choose a disorder for him/her to experience that we have covered in the course. Describe the symptoms of the disorder and the treatment advice you believe is most valid, including the theoretical model. Better papers will include a thorough description of (a) relevant diagnostic criteria, (b) your friend’s human experience with the disorder, (c) the theoretical model recommended (the one you think is best and why – e.g., cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, biological, a combination of models you think are appropriate), and (d) a reflection of your changing views of mental health function and dysfunction as a result of what you have learned in the course. Grading criteria for this option are as follows:

Describe your friend’s human experience with the disorder. How does it manifest itself in their life? What effects does it have on their life? 25 points

Incorporate the relevant diagnostic criteria of the particular disorder chosen and be sure to tie it into the friend’s personal experience you describe. 25 points

Treatment advice you would suggest to your friend and the theoretical model that is tied to this treatment. Why do you think this is the best treatment/model? 20 points

Reflect on your changing views of mental health function and dysfunction as a result of course material. Have your views changed or not? What has changed and why? 20 points

The paper should be typed, double-spaced and 4-5 pages in length. 5 points

Structure (flow of paper; 5 points) and Mechanics (spelling, grammar, etc) 5 points}

I chose (EATING DISORDER) to be the topic for this paper.

And here is the chapter for this topic 

The deadline for this paper is Aug 3.

Explanation of gender identity development

/in /by

 Psychology homework help

 

Gender dynamics manifest in families, schools, workplaces–anywhere that humans interact socially. As you explored throughout the course, theories to explain gender development and gender roles have grown in number, as has the body of research to explain the causes and effects of these gender dynamics.

Part of Walden University’s mission is to create scholar-practitioners committed to social change. There is tremendous potential for social change related gender-based issues, and will be as long as achievement gaps, discrimination, abuse, and inequalities persist throughout the world. This week you complete and submit your Final Project, which should be not just a literature review of a topic, but also contain proposals for how to foster positive social change related to the topic.

To prepare

· Be sure to incorporate any Instructor feedback that you received on the outline you submitted in Week 7 (if you have not done so already).

· Search the Walden Library and other reputable academic sources to locate literature related to the gender-related topic you selected.

Based on the outline you submitted in Week 7, write an 8- to 10-page paper (including title page and references) in which you do the following:

· Introduce and summarize key literature about your selected topic. Include in your summary how this topic relates to home, school, and/or work environments.

· Explain the challenges surrounding the topic. This may include challenges related to conducting research and/or how the gender topic you selected impacts individuals or society.

· Provide solutions or strategies to address the challenges related to the topic.

· Evaluate each of your proposed solutions and provide final recommendations that have opportunities for positive social change.

Previous work for assignment

The Impact of Toys on Gender Identity Development in Children

1. Introduction

I. Explanation of gender identity development

(a) Definition of key terms

i. Gender identity

ii. Child development

iii. Gender-specific toys

(b) Psychological theories about gender identity development

i. Kohlberg’s Theory

ii. Piaget’s Theory

II. Background Information

(a) Toy selection criteria in children

(b) Gender identity stereotyping by toy manufacturers

2. Related Research

I. Child development and sexual identity

(a) Physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development.

(b) Onset of gender identity and sexual development

(c) The role of sex stereotype on children’s memory

II. Impact of Gender-specific toys on gender identity development

(a) The impact of toy characteristics on gender identity

(b) The impact of exposure to gender specific toys on the development of gender identity

3.  Psychological Intervention

I. The main challenge

a. The need for more study on the role of toys in influencing gender identity

b. Toy manufacturers’ exploitation of gender stereotypes.

c. Social impacts: the use of toys to teach certain behaviors to children.

II. Suggested solutions

a. More research into the impact of toys on child development

b. Provision of a wide range of toys for children to play with.

c. Advocacy for more neutral play environments

4. Conclusion

I. Assessment of recommended solutions

II. Final recommendations for provision of a range of child toys and neutral play environments.

The impact of toys on gender identity development in children

I choose this topic because it is the most familiar one in our lives and that at one point we had gone through the similar experience especially when it came to toys selection.

Toys are the major assets own by the children in our environment. We find that children like toys very much but careful when it comes to selection based on the child’s gender. Boys concentrate more on toys resembling engine powered machines like tracks, bikes, and trains while the girls focus more on care toys like for example dolls, utensils and general cleanliness (Todd, et al., 2018).

Toys impact the children psychology by creating this idea that they both should play with specific kinds of toys and grow up believing and exhibiting the same approach to other kids younger than them (Todd, Barry, & Thommessen, 2017). This trend and belief are so apparent that anyone just by looking at the toys in a given household can determine the child’s gender.

References

Todd, B. K., Barry, J. A., & Thommessen, S. A. (2017). Preferences for ‘Gender‐typed ‘Toys in Boys and Girls Aged 9 to 32 Months. Infant and Child Development, 26(3).

Todd, B. K., Fischer, R. A., Di Costa, S., Roestorf, A., Harbour, K., Hardiman, P., & Barry, J. A. (2018). Sex differences in children’s toy preferences: A systematic review, meta‐regression, and meta‐analysis. Infant and Child Development, 27(2), e2064.

How do we learn language during a process of nurture after being “soft-wired” by nature?

/in /by

Psychology homework help

Chapter 7: Developmental Psychology

Human life-span development occurs in several life stages: p. 287

Infancy

Early, Middle and Late childhood

Early, Middle, and Late adolescence

Emerging, Early, Middle, and Late adulthood (Arnett)

Development occurs separately but simultaneously, includes:

Physical (gross and fine motor skills), social, emotional, cognitive, and spiritual p. 287

There are four periods of prenatal development.

(book has little data and only shares three of four periods—follow lecture closely)

1. The germinal period is the first 14 or so days (weeks 1 and 2)

Zygote created in fallopian tubes (about three days to uterus)

Enters uterus as blastocyst

Blastocyst later becomes embryo

Trophoblast, which contains blastocyst attaches to uterine wall =

Implantation

Endoderm, mesoderm, exoderm

Yolk sac/umbilical vesicle present pre-trophoblast development

The trophoblast (amnion, umbilical cord, and placenta) provides nutrition and support—starts providing after germinal period

2. The embryonic period lasts about 6 weeks (weeks 3-8)

Organogenesis takes place within the first two months; formation of body

(Santrock charts)

There are three life support systems, called the trophoblast, for the embryo

Placenta: disk shaped group of tissues which connects embryo to mother.

The placenta implants itself to the uterine wall

Extracts nutrition from mother’s blood

Filters teratogens to a point

Produces hormones

Umbilical cord connects baby to placenta and is two arteries and a vein.

Oxygen, water, salt, and food go to baby

Excretion and carbon dioxide come from baby

The amnion is a sac and liquid and within it floats the embryo then fetus.

This is the same design as the human brain.

3. Fetal period starts at two months into gestation and lasts seven months (on average).

(Last two weeks are not considered fetal—last two weeks are called full term)

Eyes (open about 18 weeks to establish blinking), limbs (movement during fourth month), mouth (sucking thumb as early as 11 weeks; swallowing in womb about 26 weeks)

The amnion carries strong food odors and tastes to assist fetus with sense action pre-birth

Fetal life is not typically viable if born before 24 weeks of gestation (some survive at 22) (Santrock)

Alveoli in lungs not open in amnion; “breathes” amnion fluid to strengthen lungs

Last two months is for organ action and fatty build up—extremely important period for safe development

4. Full term: weeks 36 through 38

Average American baby is 7.5 lbs and is 21 inches long at birth

Teratogens are agents/substances that cause birth defects (Canvas)

Not just observable defects (physical—embryonic) at birth but may be seen later in life as well (emotional and cognitive—fetal).

Three parts to a teratogen being effective: dose, exposure, and genetic susceptibility

Nature and nurture interactions can be seen easily with effects on development (nature) by teratogens (nurture) (previous text)

Human infants are born with instincts (Canvas)

Blinking and scent marking are the only permanent instincts

Language

Language: combining symbols from spoken, written, and gestured information to communicate infinite meaning

“language allows people. . .to represent their own internal mental activity” (Ciccarelli, 2015, p. 294)

The human brain is called “the language brain”—soft-wired for language

Receptive Language at about 4 months

Ability to comprehend speech happens by 4 months

Infant can discern phonemes of unlimited languages

Infant stops listening to “strange” language noises about 8 months of age

Productive Language at about 12 months

Examples on pp. 280-281

How do we learn language during a process of nurture after being “soft-wired” by nature?

Skinner: Operant Learning

Nurture: Organisms learn language through: association, consequences, and imitation of observed behavior

Chomsky: Inborn Universal Grammar

Nature: Disagreed with Skinner based on rapid acquisition of language. All languages have similar development (nouns first) and grammatical structure (nouns, verbs, subject, and object)

“Moral development involves thoughts, feelings, and actions regarding rules and conventions about what people should do in their interactions with other people” (Santrock, J.).

Piaget’s theory: moral development begins around the age of four

Heteronomous morality is seeing justice and rules as unchangeable: black and white (4-7)

Involves the idea of imminent justice, which is the idea that bad actions will be punished.

Autonomous morality includes individuals and intentions: shades of gray along with black and white (transition between about 7-10 into this stage) (Kantian contribution is evident here)

Imminent justice is not consistent, and child learns that punishment is not inevitable.

Kohlberg’s stages (pp. 313-314)

Attachment (pp. 315-318 +Canvas)

Harlows and Bowlby (lab work) and Ainsworth (field research)

“All you need is love” by the Beatles was written in response to this research

Affectional bond, 76% adult match to infant type, not outgrown, made through quality of interaction with primary CG(s), template for human interaction

There are four types of attachment: book labels incorrectly for infants

Secure, Avoidant, Anxious-Resistant (Ambivalent), Disorganized

Baumrind’s three styles of parenting (warmth and structure are the main variables) pp. 318-319

Authoritative: democratically led, option-based, demanding but responsive, higher warmth than structure most of the time

Authoritarian: parent led, imposes, inflexible, parental authority enforced, higher structure than warmth most of the time

Permissive: child in charge, indulgent

Rejecting/neglectful: nobody in charge, needs not met, worst outcomes for children appear to be here

Describe the reciprocal relationship between behavior and attitudes

/in /by

Psychology homework help

In this assignment, you apply and integrate the concepts of attribution, attitude, behavior, and cognitive dissonance.

Identify a situation in which an individual was persuaded into a decision to engage in behavior that violated social values, beliefs, attitudes, ethics, and/or morals, such as misrepresenting a product, underreporting income on taxes, falsifying services on a billing document, taking supplies from work, or engaging in vandalism.

Write a 700-word paper in which you analyze your identified situation. Address the following items:

  • Analyze the situation from the perspective of the individual’s social, cultural, and spiritual influences and his or her ethics. Refrain from inserting your own judgments and opinions.
  • Describe the reciprocal relationship between behavior and attitudes.
  • Cite at least 3 references.

Format your paper according to APA guidelines.

Every individual has faced a hard decision in one time of their lives and has come across a situation against their values and morals. Every person is different and has their morals, belief, and ethics they live by on an everyday basis. Society today is persuaded or pressured by another individual to do something wrong, even if they don’t want to do it. In this paper, we will discuss and identify a situation where a girl named Cristina decides to decide her values and morals, in regards to cheating and lying on her taxes. Even though she knew what might happen and what the consequences could be her morals were questioned.

Summary of the Situation

Cristina has realized she has worked a lot of overtime within the year and has made too much money. Furthermore, she knows that filling herself will result in having to pay back the IRS money she can’t even afford. Cristina’s sister had mentioned to her that she could let her claim her two children and use their social security, to get back a couple thousand therefore in return, Cristina could give her five hundred for both children. However, Cristina is aware that by claiming them it’s a wrongful act and she is committing fraud for alleging children that are not hers and can be held accountable and get audited by the IRS. Cristina isn’t thinking of the consequences of what might happen if she gets audited she is only thinking of the money she will get back. She also has an evident understanding of what is right from wrong.