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What is the Hygiene Hypothesis?

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Researchers are increasingly looking for answers as allergic diseases continue to rise in the population. The predominant explanation, coined the “hygiene hypothesis” by Professor David Strachan in 1989, states that a lack of early childhood exposure to microbes and other infectious agents increases susceptibility to allergic diseases by suppressing the natural development of the immune system. The idea was widely reported by the media that developed societies, like the United States, have become “too clean”.

Read the following article about the hygiene hypothesis to learn more, then answer the questions below in your initial post:

Bradford, A. (2016). What is the Hygiene Hypothesis? Live Science. Accessed at http://www.livescience.com/54078-hygiene-hypothesis.html on September 14, 2016.

  1. Conduct some independent research on the hygiene hypothesis. What contradictory evidence against the hypothesis can you find?
  2. Have any new hypotheses been proposed to explain the increase in allergic conditions? How does it support the original hygiene hypothesis?

Do you think the hygiene hypothesis needs to be renamed? Why or why not?

250 words

Do people choose their own health, particularly their own nutrition and physical activity?

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Just like on the midterm, the way this final works is that I have provided you 5 questions, one per week’s topic. You need to answer the questions to the best of your ability. I will randomly be selecting 2 questions to grade, and then you will have the choice of which 3rd question you want me to review. After everyone has submitted their final exams (on Wednesday morning 8AM of Finals Week), you will be allowed to go into Moodle and select the question number you want me to grade.

Responses will be graded based on 3 things .

1) How thoroughly and thoughtfully you explained the answer.

2) How feasible and creative your response was in terms of solutions, or options for solving problems. 3) How cleanly written it is. Please no typos and no grammatical mistakes.

You must provide links for all of your sources if you reference anything besides your textbook. You all know what reliable sources are, so make sure anything you are referencing is from a reliable, credible source.

*Hint: Each response should probably be at least ½ a page if you are answering thoroughly. Less than ½ a page means you probably didn’t provide enough detail.

Week 6 question

Do people choose their own health, particularly their own nutrition and physical activity? Whether you think the answer is yes, no, or somewhere in between, make a case for your answer. Build your case referencing at least 4 different factors that influence health from Chapters 13,14, and 16. Be specific and think about psychosocial factors and policies, systems, and environmental factors that are relevant to your response.

Week 7 question

Where does the U.S. rank in terms for infant and maternal mortality? Thinking about these rankings, explain the quote “maternal child health is not a health problem, it is a social problem with health consequences.” What are some of the social and economic factors that influence women and children’s ability to be healthy? What are some things that can be done to improve the health of women and children? What we can learn from tobacco prevention efforts to improve maternal and child health? What specific strategies could we use from tobacco? Or, are there things we could learn from other countries?

Week 8 question

Explain, in your own words, what the 3 levels of prevention are. Pick a specific mental health or injury area and discuss how we could intervene at each of the three levels of prevention to improve health outcomes. How would the strategies need to be different for each of the different levels of prevention? What is at least 1 thing that you think we can do to reduce stigma surrounding mental health or surrounding seeking help for mental health issues?

Week 9 question

In your own words, explain the differences and the relationship between medical care and public health. Why are the two sometimes in conflict with each other? How could we change our current system (either the medical care system or the public health system) to improve health outcomes for everyone in our society (Please provide at least 2 specific examples of changes we could make)? Are there any potential unintended consequences of making these changes?

Week 10 question

Which is the fastest growing age group in U.S. society? What are the potential effects as this big group of people ages? What are some of the challenges we will be facing with the younger generations not being as healthy at an earlier age? Can our focus simply be on trying to help people live longer, or do we also need to be focusing on improving quality of life? What are some specific strategies we can implement to help people age healthily? How can we strengthen public health efforts in the future to support older people and society as a whole?

Extra credit:

Please pick one of the news stories below and answer the following questions about it.

1. How/why is this topic a public health issue?

2. Who is most affected by the issue?

3. What are the larger societal implications of the issue, and what happens if things don’t change?

4. What do you think are some of the upstream prevention strategies that we could be implementing to address this problem?

5. What do you think are some of the policy, systems, or environmental changes that could be made to address the problem?

Story 1: The Opioid Crisis is Surging in Black, Urban Communities

Story 2: What If We Treated Gun Violence Like A Public Health Crisis?

Story 3: Increased Hours Online Correlate With An Uptick In Teen Depression, Suicidal Thoughts

Story 4: Scientists Start To Tease Out The Subtler Ways Racism Hurts Health

Story 5: Is There a Ticking Time Bomb Under the Arctic?

What is the importance of administering the FFP prior to the PRBC’s

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Blood Transfusion Case Study

Name: _____________________________ Date: _____________________ Class: NUR 438

Brief Patient History

Mr. S is a 75-year-old man who has a long history of chronic atrial fibrillation treated with warfarin, CHF, ESRD, and DM II. Over the past week, Mr. S has experienced intermittent epigastric pain and black stools. He is now dizzy and weak.

Clinical Assessment

Mr. S is admitted to the intensive care unit from the emergency department. He recently began taking ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract infection. He also has been taking an aspirin each day because he heard it was good for you. Also, he recently began taking over-the-counter ibuprofen for his stomach pain and general aches.

Diagnostic Procedures

Mr. S’s admission laboratory work reveals a hemoglobin level of 7 g/dL and an international normalized ratio (INR) of 7. His baseline vital signs include the following: blood pressure of 80/60 mm Hg, heart rate of 150 beats/min (atrial fibrillation), respiratory rate of 30 breaths/min, SPO2 92%, and temperature of 37.3 degrees Celsius.

Medical Diagnosis

Diagnosis is acute gastrointestinal bleeding

Nursing Actions

You have started and finished the FFP, and are currently transfusing the allogenic PRBCs. Ten minutes after starting the PRBC transfusion, Mr. S begins to C/O back pain, chills, and SOB. After taking his oral temperature you note it is now 38.8 degrees Celsius. He appears anxious, and is pulling at his lines and tubes.

1. What is this patient’s mean arterial pressure (MAP)? Is his MAP adequate, and why? Please show your work for the math equation.

2. What signs and symptoms may Mr. S exhibit secondary to his low H&H laboratory values?

3. What is the importance of administering the FFP prior to the PRBC’s in Mr. S’s case?

4. What should the length of time be to transfuse Mr. S’s PRBC’s, and why?

5. Mr. S is O positive blood type. What blood types can he receive, and what blood types can receive his blood type?

6. What is the importance of Rh factor when considered which type of blood to administer to patients?

7. What does allogenic mean? What does autologous mean?

8. What do you think is occurring with Mr. S?

9. What should be your immediate actions/interventions?

10. What nursing diagnoses should you give for this patient?

11. What education can be provided to this patient upon discharge?

Describe the types of ACOs recognized by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

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 Nursing homework help

Urban and rural health care organizations throughout the industry are working together to coordinate care for Medicare patients. Accountable Care Organization (ACO) programs were established by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to help facilitate this cooperation.

Select a type of health care organization that would accept Medicare patients (e.g., family practice, hospital, urgent care, or nursing home).

Write a 700- to 1,050-word executive summary that discusses the purpose of joining an ACO and the funding available through one. Include the following:

  • Describe the organization you selected and the general services that would be offered to Medicare patients.
  • Describe the types of ACOs recognized by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.
  • Evaluate industry dynamics that would influence your organization’s decision to participate in an ACO.
  • Identify the steps needed to participate in an ACO.
  • Justify participation in an ACO for your organization.

Cite 3 reputable references to support your assignment (e.g., trade or industry publications, government or agency websites, scholarly works, or other sources of similar quality).

Format your assignment according to APA guidelines

Discuss if there is any similarity in the health care beliefs and practices of the German and French Canadian heritage with the health care beliefs of your heritage

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People of French Canadian Heritage.

People of German Heritage.

Read chapter 14 and 29 of the class textbook Transcultural Health Care. A Culturally Competent Approach (4th ed.)

Purnell, L.D.(and review the attached PowerPoint presentations.   Read Content chapter 29 in Davis Plus Online Website.  Once done answer the following questions;

1.  Describe the health care beliefs of the German and French Canadian heritages and mention the influence in the delivery of evidence-based health care.

2.  Discuss if there is any similarity in the health care beliefs and practices of the German and French Canadian heritage with the health care beliefs of your heritage.

3.  If you have to change your health care beliefs for any of one study this week, which one will you choose and why?

The assignment must be presented in an APA format word document, Arial 12 font attached to the forum on the discussion board.  A minimum of 3 evidenced-based references must be used  with the appropriate references must be posted.

References must be no older than 5 years.  A minimum of 700 words is required.

PLEASE DO NOT PLAGIARIZE.

Explain the evidenced-based psychotherapy and psychopharmacologic treatment for your assigned personality disorder.

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Week 3: Personality Disorders

I cannot believe these people. Don’t they know who I am? I deserve better treatment than this. That hostess should have seated me immediately, but I had to wait for 10 minutes and then she put me at this table right by the kitchen. I see an empty table right in the middle where I should be. I am just going to get up and move there. I don’t care what the hostess says, rules don’t apply to me.

Ashley, age 25

Personality disorders represent perhaps the most challenging disorders that the psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner will have to address in their professional careers. Personality disorders can co-occur in every mental health disorder and, in some cases, can mask as disorder . Although difficult to treat, the PMHNP must be able to identify personality disorders and endeavor to work with the client to not only recognize the disorder, but to treat a disorder that clients often do not believe they have.

This week, you will explore the many personality disorders and use the DSM-5 criteria for diagnosing individuals with specific personality disorders. You will use the Decision Tree format to diagnose and treat a client with a personality disorder. You also will complete the Fitzgerald University Exit Comprehensive Exam to determine your readiness for the certification exam.

Photo Credit: kaisersosa67 / iStock / Getty Images Plus / Getty Images

Learning Resources

Note: To access this week’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.

Required Readings

Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2014). Kaplan & Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry: Behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry (11th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

Chapter 4, “Theories of Personality and Psychopathology” (pp. 151–191)

Chapter 22, “Personality Disorders” (pp. 742–762)

Chapter 13, “Psychosomatic Medicine” (pp. 451–464)

Gabbard, G. O. (2014). Gabbard’s treatment of psychiatric disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publications.

Chapter 71, “Histrionic Personality Disorder”

Note: You will access this book from Walden Library databases.

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

“Personality Disorders”

Note: You will access this book from Walden Library databases.

Perry, J. C., Presniak, M. D., & Olson, T. R. (2013). Defense mechanisms in schizotypal, borderline, antisocial, and narcissistic personality disorders. Psychiatry: Interpersonal & Biological Processes, 76(1), 32–52. doi:10.1521/psyc.2013.76.1.32

Note: You will access this article from Walden Library databases.

Rees, C. S., & Pritchard, R. (2015). Brief cognitive therapy for avoidant personality disorder. Psychotherapy, 52(1), 45–55. doi:10.1037/a0035158

Kernberg, O. (n.d.). Psychoanalytic psychotherapy for personality disorders: An Interview with Otto Kernberg, MD. [Video file]. Mill Valley, CA: Psychotherapy.net

Note: This video is approximately 94 minutes of length. You will access this article from Walden Library databases.

Discussion: Treatment of Personality Disorders

Personality disorders occur in 10–20% of the population. They are difficult to treat as individuals with personality disorders are less likely to seek help than individuals with other mental health disorders. Treatment can be challenging as they do not see their symptoms as painful to themselves or others.

In this Discussion, you will explore personality disorders in greater detail and discuss treatment options using evidence-based research.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

Analyze diagnostic criteria for personality disorders

Analyze evidence-based psychotherapy and psychopharmacologic treatments for personality disorders

Analyze clinical features of clients with personality disorders

Align clinical features with DSM-5 criteria

Compare differential diagnostic features of personality disorders

Post:

Explain the diagnostic criteria for your assigned personality disorder. (Histrionic Personality Disorder)

Explain the evidenced-based psychotherapy and psychopharmacologic treatment for your assigned personality disorder.

Describe clinical features from a client that led you to believe this client had this disorder. Align the clinical features with the DSM-5 criteria.

Support your rationale with references to the Learning Resources or other academic resources.

What happens when a person goes on a very low calorie diet?

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1. What kinds of foods provide fiber in the diet and what does fiber help with?

2. What are the different kinds of fats and some properties of them?

3. Why do we need water in our diet?

4. How is obesity defined?

5. What is the most prevalent underlying source of death in the United States?

6. What happens when a person goes on a very low calorie diet?

7. How many calories do one pound of fat represent?

8. What are the daily-suggested lower limits of calorie consumption for both men and women?

9. What happens when you exercise at a low-intensity rate as compared to a high intensity rate as far as types of calories burned?

10. What causes blood cholesterol to be raised?

11. How many calories does a gram of fat, protein or carbohydrate contain?

12. What are some risk factors for coronary heart disease?

13.  How does cancer start in the body?

14.  How many minutes of daily activity are required to prevent weight gain and to maintain substantial weight loss?

15. What kind of results can be expected when a person exercises and exhibits good lifestyle choices?

16. What mechanism seems to regulate how much a person weighs?

17. What are some results of sleep deprivation?

18. What are the different types of stresses?

19. What causes the stress response to occur?

20. What is the purpose of the “stress response” and what are some of the manifestations it has been turned on?

21. Are certain types of individuals at a greater risk of disease related to stress?

22. What are some good techniques to deal with stress?

Application: Using Microsoft Project

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Assignment 1: Application: Using Microsoft Project

Starting a project without a plan is like going on a road trip without any directions. You may progress along the way, but you might not end up at your desired destination. A project plan provides basic information that guides the execution and control of the project. At its most fundamental level, a project plan will describe the “who, what, when, and why” of a project. Microsoft Project is one of the most widely used project planning tools. The ability to understand and create project plans in Microsoft Project enables a project manager to effectively plan and manage project implementations.

In this Assignment, you generate a project plan using Microsoft Project.

To prepare:

  • Review      the information in this week’s Learning Resources on using Microsoft      Project.
  • Consider      how to efficiently schedule tasks in a project plan.
  • Think      about how you should sequence tasks that have dependencies.

By Day 7 of Week 3

To complete this Assignment, you will create a Microsoft Project plan for a patient information management system. The primary deliverable for the plan is the patient information management system itself, but it is comprised of many modules. Include the following tasks, subtasks, and timeframes:

  • Create      the Admission, Discharge, and Transfer Module (requires subtask I,      configuration period: 25 days, training period: 10 days)
  • Subtask      I: Create the Patient Registration Module (requires subtask II,      configuration period: 4 days, training period: 4 days)
  • Subtask      II: Create the Master Patient Index (configuration period: 4 days)
  • Subtask      III: Create the Patient Scheduling Module (requires subtask II,      configuration period: 7 days, training period: 15 days)

(How) Does the HR Strategy Support an Innovation Oriented Business Strategy?

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UNIT 6

Topic: Tactical Planning (Continued)

Benchmark – Strategic Planning: Action Plan

Details:

Use your completed strategy map to formulate functional-level strategy for the primary business functions included in your plan. Functional-level strategies are the action plans used by departments within organizations to support the execution of business-level strategy at the managerial level. Create a 500-750 word action plan that addresses the following:

  1. Identify which management tactics and strategies you will implement to meet your strategic goals for each of the stakeholders, departments, or business functions impacted by your plan: MBO, MBM, single-use or standing plans, competitive advantage, contingency planning, building scenarios, crisis planning, and innovation.
  2. Provide an explanation of how you will apply managerial decision-making methods throughout your action plan.
  3. Which business functions will be impacted by your action plan? What tactics will you use to manage implementation across business functions? What can you do to enhance collaboration/cross-functionality to ensure the success of      your plan?
  4. Identify leadership strategies you plan to implement throughout the execution of your action plan. In particular, explain which strategies you would implement to foster team collaboration among the multiple stakeholders who must collaborate to successfully implement the plan. Why do you think these will be successful?

RESOURCES

Textbook

1. Management

Read Chapters 9 and 12 in Management. Review Chapters 7 and 8.

http://gcumedia.com/digital-resources/cengage/2013/management_ebook_11e.php

2. Southwest Airlines: In a Different World

Review Harvard Business School (HBS) case reprint, “Southwest Airlines: In a Different World”(2013).

http://gcumedia.com/digital-resources/harvard-business-school-press/2010/southwest-airlines_in-a-different-world_ebook_1e.php

e-Library Resource

1. (How) Does the HR Strategy Support an Innovation Oriented Business Strategy? An Investigation of Institutional Context and Organizational Practices in Indian Firms

Read “(How) Does the HR Strategy Support an Innovation Oriented Business Strategy? An Investigation of Institutional Context and Organizational Practices in Indian Firms,” by Fang and Saini, from Human Resource Management (2010).

https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=inh&AN=11820768&site=eds-live&scope=site

2. Big Data: An Innovative Way to Gain Competitive Advantage Through Converting Data into Knowledge

Read “Big Data: An Innovative Way to Gain Competitive Advantage Through Converting Data into Knowledge,”

by Bhadani, from International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science (2015).

https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aci&AN=101309175&site=eds-live&scope=site

3. Outsourcing: A Strategic Risk? 

Read “Outsourcing: A Strategic Risk?” by Relph and Parker, from Management Services (2014).

https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.proquest.com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/docview/1584943851?accountid=7374

4. Practicing Human Resource Strategy: Understanding the Relational Dynamics in Strategic HR Work by Means of a Narrative Approach 

Read “Practicing Human Resource Strategy: Understanding the Relational Dynamics in Strategic HR Work by Means of a Narrative Approach,” by Kaudela-Baum and Endrissat, from German Journal of Research in Human Resource Management (2009).

https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=40395722&site=eds-live&scope=site

5. Responsible Leadership and Stakeholder Management: Influence Pathways and Organizational Outcomes

Read “Responsible Leadership and Stakeholder Management: Influence Pathways and Organizational Outcomes,” by Doh and Quigley from the Academy of Management Perspectives (2014).

https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=97816322&site=ehost-live&scope=site

6. The Relationship Between Intellectual Capital With Economic Value Added and Financial Performance

Read “The Relationship Between Intellectual Capital With Economic Value Added and Financial Performance,” by Salehi, Enayati, and Javadi, from Iranian Journal of Management Science: A Quarterly (2014).

http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edb&AN=96560290&site=eds-live&scope=site 

Assessment 3 Letter to the Editor: Population Health Policy Advocacy

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Assessment 3 Letter to the Editor: Population Health Policy Advocacy

Question description

ASSESSMENT INSTRUCTIONS

SCENARIO

Throughout this course, you have focused on a specific health issue occurring within a specific population. You researched position papers regarding this health concern, and you developed a health policy proposal to positively impact the health of the affected individuals. It is now time to reach a greater audience regarding your policy proposal.

INSTRUCTIONS

Develop a letter to the editor of a peer-reviewed academic or professional nursing journal based on the policy proposal that you created for Assessment 2. Choose from one of the journals on the Ultimate List of Nursing Journals (in the Resources) and go to that journal’s Web site to find out the requirements for submitting a letter to the editor, such as format requirements, topics, and word counts. Make sure you select a nursing journal that covers the topic about which you are going to write. If you want to use another journal that is not on this list, please make sure the journal does address health care, because this is the purpose of the assessment.

The goal of your letter is to be informative about the policy that you developed for Assessment 2, while also being persuasive about the need for and benefit of similar policies in other health care settings. The bullet points below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. Be sure that your submission addresses all of them. You may also want to read the Letter to the Editor: Population Health Policy Advocacy Scoring Guide and Guiding Questions: Letter to the Editor: Population Health Policy Advocacy document to better understand how each grading criterion will be assessed.

  • Evaluate the current state of the quality of care and outcomes for a specific issue in a target population.
    • Look back to the data or scenario you used in Assessment 1 to address this criterion.
  • Analyze how the current state of the quality of care and outcomes for a specific issue in a target population necessitates health policy development and advocacy.
  • Justify why a developed policy will be vital in improving the quality of care and outcomes for a specific issue in a target population.
  • Advocate for policy development in other care settings with regard to a specific issue in a target population.
  • Analyze the ways in which interprofessional aspects of a developed policy will support efficient and effective achievement of desired outcomes for the target population.
  • Communicate in a professional and persuasive manner, writing content clearly and logically with correct use of grammar, punctuation, and spelling.
  • Integrate relevant sources to support assertions, correctly formatting citations and references using current APA style (or the journal’s preferred style).

ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS

The submission requirements for your editorial will depend on the journal you choose. To find out the requirements, go to the journal’s Web site. There should be a section regarding submissions that will address how to format letters to the editor, and whether there is a word count limit (there usually is a limit).

  • If the journal does not have submission guidelines for the number of resources required, use 3–5 sources.
  • To be sure that your instructor knows the submission and formatting requirements for your letter, include the journal’s guidelines on a separate page at the end of the document you submit for this assessment.