i am replying to my peer’s post Developmental theories

NU-664C-02-23PCS3 FamilyPsychiatric Ment.Hlth I

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5. Week 2 Discussion 1: Developmental Theories

Week 2 Discussion 1: Developmental Theories

Done: Make forum posts: 1

Value: 100 points

Due: In an effort to facilitate scholarly discourse, create your initial post by Day 4, and reply to at least two of your classmates, on two separate days, by Day 7.

Grading Category: Discussions

Note: In this type of discussion, you will not see the responses of your classmates until after you have posted your own response to the question below.

Initial Post

Knowledge and application of developmental theory constitutes a foundational component of the PMHNP role. You will need to expand your knowledge of theories for professional practice. This week you will choose an attachment, behavioral, cognitive, humanistic, or biological developmental theory.

For this discussion forum, using your chosen theory, identify what happens as individuals move through developmental stages. Address the following in your initial post:

• How can interruptions in the achievement of developmental stages affect an individual?
• According to your theory, identify the developmental vulnerabilities that could precipitate mental health symptoms.

Replies

Reply to at least two of your classmates. In your reply posts, you should identify similarities and differences among developmental theories. Compare how your theory and your peers’ theory explain how mental health symptoms may arise.

Pick out an idea from your peers’ initial post that you find most interesting and tell how you will use this information in practice.

Your response should include evidence-based research to support your statements using proper citations and APA format.

Please refer to the Grading Rubric for details on how this activity will be graded. The described expectations meet the passing level of 80%. Students are directed to review the Discussion Grading Rubric for criteria which exceed expectations.Re: Week 2 Discussion 1: Developmental Theories  

 

THis is my pee’s post

by Ryan Anselmo – Sunday, 7 May 2023, 7:29 PM

 

The stages of development provide an important framework for how individuals change and grow over time. There are several prominent developmental theories that aim to explain how individual experiences and relationships ultimately influence development. One such theory is attachment theory. Attachment theory was first described by John Bowlby, a psychoanalyst who explored the consequences of separating infants from their caregivers. Bowlby proposed that attachment was a major motivational force and central component of human interaction that has significant effects in later development, functioning, and personality (Boland et al., 2021). Attachment behaviors are instinctual responses to the threat of losing survival advantages that accompanies attention and support provided by a caregiver. Bowlby suggested that attachment behaviors such as crying and crawling serve an evolutionary function by promoting survival.

There are four recognized and proposed phases of attachment. In the pre-attachment stage (birth to 8 or 12 weeks), babies orient to their caregivers and demonstrate reflexive behaviors that elicit attention from a caring adult (Boland et al., 2021). In the attachment in the making stage (8 to 12 weeks to 6 months), infants start to develop preferences for familiar caregivers and become more comfortable with them (Boland et al., 2021). In the clear-cut attachment phase (6 months to 24 months), infants become more actively attached and may experience separation anxiety when separated from their caregiver (Boland et al., 2021). In the formation of reciprocal relationships stage (24 months and beyond), the child becomes less reliant on their primary caregiver as they start to form attachments and build relationships with other individuals (Boland et al., 2021).

Research has shown that children who form secure attachments with their caregivers ultimately tend to experience better outcomes in areas of social development, emotional intelligence, and mental health (Fearon & Roisman, 2017). Alternatively, children who experience insecure attachments or adverse childhood events are at increased risk of negative outcomes that include poor self-esteem, challenges with relationships, and psychiatric disorders (Mikulincer & Shaver, 2019).

Disruptions in early attachment relationships can lead to developmental vulnerabilities that ultimately result in mental health symptoms and psychiatric disorders. For example, children who experience unresponsive or emotionally unavailable parenting are at increased risk of emotional stress, anxiety, and depression. Children who suffer caregiver abuse or loss may develop feelings of abandonment or post-traumatic stress disorder (Sutton, 2019). Children who suffer from neglect often experience difficulties with forming healthy relationships. These disruptions in attachment render individuals prone to social withdrawal, stress, isolation, loneliness, negative self-image and behavioral dysregulation. As these children get older, these issues may intensify and progress into anxiety disorders, mood disorders, personality disorders, or substance use disorders.

References:

Boland, R., Verduin, M., & Ruiz, P. (2021). Kaplan & Sadock’s Synopsis of Psychiatry (12th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.

Fearon, R. P., & Roisman, G. I. (2017). Attachment theory: progress and future directions. Current Opinion in Psychology, 15, 131-136. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X16301269

Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2019). Attachment orientations and emotion regulation. Current Opinion in Psychology, 25, 6-10. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X18300071

Sutton, T. E. (2019). Review of attachment theory: Familial predictors, continuity and change, and intrapersonal and relational outcomes. Marriage & Family Review, 55(1), 1-22. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01494929.2018.1458001

 

NU-664C-02-23PCS3 FamilyPsychiatric Ment.Hlth I

1. Dashboard
2. My courses
3. NU-664C-02-23PCS3
4.  
5. Week 2 Discussion 1: Developmental Theories

Week 2 Discussion 1: Developmental Theories

Done: Make forum posts: 1

Value: 100 points

Due: In an effort to facilitate scholarly discourse, create your initial post by Day 4, and reply to at least two of your classmates, on two separate days, by Day 7.

Grading Category: Discussions

Note: In this type of discussion, you will not see the responses of your classmates until after you have posted your own response to the question below.

Initial Post

Knowledge and application of developmental theory constitutes a foundational component of the PMHNP role. You will need to expand your knowledge of theories for professional practice. This week you will choose an attachment, behavioral, cognitive, humanistic, or biological developmental theory.

For this discussion forum, using your chosen theory, identify what happens as individuals move through developmental stages. Address the following in your initial post:

• How can interruptions in the achievement of developmental stages affect an individual?
• According to your theory, identify the developmental vulnerabilities that could precipitate mental health symptoms.

Replies

Reply to at least two of your classmates. In your reply posts, you should identify similarities and differences among developmental theories. Compare how your theory and your peers’ theory explain how mental health symptoms may arise.

Pick out an idea from your peers’ initial post that you find most interesting and tell how you will use this information in practice.

Your response should include evidence-based research to support your statements using proper citations and APA format.

Please refer to the Grading Rubric for details on how this activity will be graded. The described expectations meet the passing level of 80%. Students are directed to review the Discussion Grading Rubric for criteria which exceed expectations.  

 

This is my peer’s post

Re: Week 2 Discussion 1: Developmental Theories

by Ryan Anselmo – Sunday, 7 May 2023, 7:29 PM

 

The stages of development provide an important framework for how individuals change and grow over time. There are several prominent developmental theories that aim to explain how individual experiences and relationships ultimately influence development. One such theory is attachment theory. Attachment theory was first described by John Bowlby, a psychoanalyst who explored the consequences of separating infants from their caregivers. Bowlby proposed that attachment was a major motivational force and central component of human interaction that has significant effects in later development, functioning, and personality (Boland et al., 2021). Attachment behaviors are instinctual responses to the threat of losing survival advantages that accompanies attention and support provided by a caregiver. Bowlby suggested that attachment behaviors such as crying and crawling serve an evolutionary function by promoting survival.

There are four recognized and proposed phases of attachment. In the pre-attachment stage (birth to 8 or 12 weeks), babies orient to their caregivers and demonstrate reflexive behaviors that elicit attention from a caring adult (Boland et al., 2021). In the attachment in the making stage (8 to 12 weeks to 6 months), infants start to develop preferences for familiar caregivers and become more comfortable with them (Boland et al., 2021). In the clear-cut attachment phase (6 months to 24 months), infants become more actively attached and may experience separation anxiety when separated from their caregiver (Boland et al., 2021). In the formation of reciprocal relationships stage (24 months and beyond), the child becomes less reliant on their primary caregiver as they start to form attachments and build relationships with other individuals (Boland et al., 2021).

Research has shown that children who form secure attachments with their caregivers ultimately tend to experience better outcomes in areas of social development, emotional intelligence, and mental health (Fearon & Roisman, 2017). Alternatively, children who experience insecure attachments or adverse childhood events are at increased risk of negative outcomes that include poor self-esteem, challenges with relationships, and psychiatric disorders (Mikulincer & Shaver, 2019).

Disruptions in early attachment relationships can lead to developmental vulnerabilities that ultimately result in mental health symptoms and psychiatric disorders. For example, children who experience unresponsive or emotionally unavailable parenting are at increased risk of emotional stress, anxiety, and depression. Children who suffer caregiver abuse or loss may develop feelings of abandonment or post-traumatic stress disorder (Sutton, 2019). Children who suffer from neglect often experience difficulties with forming healthy relationships. These disruptions in attachment render individuals prone to social withdrawal, stress, isolation, loneliness, negative self-image and behavioral dysregulation. As these children get older, these issues may intensify and progress into anxiety disorders, mood disorders, personality disorders, or substance use disorders.

References:

Boland, R., Verduin, M., & Ruiz, P. (2021). Kaplan & Sadock’s Synopsis of Psychiatry (12th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.

Fearon, R. P., & Roisman, G. I. (2017). Attachment theory: progress and future directions. Current Opinion in Psychology, 15, 131-136. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X16301269

Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2019). Attachment orientations and emotion regulation. Current Opinion in Psychology, 25, 6-10. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X18300071

Sutton, T. E. (2019). Review of attachment theory: Familial predictors, continuity and change, and intrapersonal and relational outcomes. Marriage & Family Review, 55(1), 1-22. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01494929.2018.1458001